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The air around us is made up of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and small amounts of other gases. Both natural and human activities release gases that cause an imbalance in the air, and these releases are called air pollutants. The federal government sets standards for six outdoor air pollutants: carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, lead, and particulates. In the Chattanooga area, two of these pollutants, ozone and particulates, are monitored daily by the Chattanooga-Hamilton County Air Pollution Control Bureau (APCB).
What is Ozone?
Ozone is an odorless, colorless gas that is found in both the Earth’s upper atmosphere and at ground level. “Good” ozone is found 10 to 30 miles above the Earth’s surface, making up the ozone layer. The ozone layer absorbs UV light, preventing most of it from reaching the Earth’s surface. The type of ozone of concern is “bad” ozone which is found at ground level and forms when pollutants emitted by automobiles, power plants, and other sources react with sunlight. Ozone at ground level can affect the health of people who breathe it.
What are Particulates?
Particulates are microscopic and visible particles suspended in the air such as dust, soot, ash, smoke, and aerosols. This pollution is released from industries, automobiles, and power plants and can be breathed deeply into the lungs. Open burning also adds particulates to the air.
Air Quality and Your Health
Today’s air quality
Spare the Air in Hamilton County
1. Refuel when it’s cool. Refueling during cooler periods of the day or in the evening can prevent gas fumes from heating up and creating ozone. This helps reduce unhealthy air days, especially in summer.
2. Don’t top off your gas tank. Topping off your tank releases gas fumes into the air. Stopping short of a full tank keeps gas off of you and reduces pollution.
3. Use less gas. Keeping your car maintained and tires properly inflated helps save gas and money.
Related Links
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s AIRNow
TDEC Air Pollution Control |